Tuna
Varieties
Albacore, found in both Atlantic and Pacific waters, is the only kind that can be labeled “white meat tuna.” Bluefin, a large, oily species, is usually canned as “light meat” tuna or eaten raw. Yellowfin (called ahi in Hawaii) is the least oily kind of tuna; it is flavorful (but not strongly so) when cooked, and is good eaten raw. Bigeye is valued for sashimi. Bonito is among the smallest tuna, and has red meat. Tuna comes whole, in steaks, fillets, or loins, and fresh, frozen, or canned.
Preparation, Uses, & Tips
Remove the strong-tasting brown streak running through the meat.
The secret to successful tuna cookery is to not overcook it; overcooking makes tuna dry out. Whichever of the following cooking methods you choose, your tuna will be cooked when its flesh becomes opaque yet is still moist on the inside.
Baking
Brush with melted butter or oil and season with salt and pepper, or cover with a piquant sauce. Place tuna in a greased baking dish, or wrap in oiled foil and place on a baking sheet. Bake in a preheated 450°F (230°C) oven 10 minutes per inch (2.5cm) of thickness of the fish.
Barbecuing
Place tuna over hot coals on a well-oiled grill. Baste frequently and turn once halfway through the cooking period. Because tuna is lean compared to other protein-rich foods, it does not exude a lot of self-basting fat. Be sure all grills, baskets, racks, and foil are well-oiled to ensure easy handling of tuna while barbecuing.
Broiling
Place seasoned tuna filets or steaks on a well-greased broiler pan and brush with oil. Broil under preheated broiler 4 to 5 inches (about 10 to 12.5cm) from heat until the flesh is opaque yet moist on the inside.
Pan frying
Heat a pan, add a small amount of hot butter or oil, and brown uncoated tuna steaks or fillets, turning once after 3 to 4 minutes and cook the other side 3 to 4 minutes.
Poaching
Bring poaching liquid, consisting of water, broth, and herbs and spices, to a simmer. Slip tuna in, then cover pan and keep liquid at a simmer for about 8 minutes per inch (about 2.5cm) of thickness.
Steaming
Place tuna on a greased perforated rack over 1 to 2 inches (about 2.5 to 5 cm) of rapidly boiling water. Cover with a tight-fitting lid and keep water at a constant boil through cooking time.
Storing
Keep tuna cool on the trip from the market to your house. Never let it stay unrefrigerated for long. To store tuna, remove packaging, rinse fish under cold water, and pat dry with paper towels. Fish deteriorates when it sits in its own juices, so place it on a cake rack in a shallow pan filled with crushed ice. Cover with cling wrap or foil and set in the coldest part of the refrigerator. Tuna will store well this way for up to two days. When well-wrapped, tuna can be frozen for up to two months in a refrigerator freezer compartment and three to four months in a deep-freeze. Use lined freezer paper and wrap fish tightly with at least two layers of paper. To thaw slowly, unwrap, place fish in pan, cover, and leave for 24 hours in the refrigerator. To thaw more quickly, place the whole fish (in a watertight plastic bag) in a sink with cool running water, allowing about 1/2 hour per pound (454g). For fastest thawing, use the defrost cycle of your microwave, allowing 2 to 5 minutes per pound (454g), with equal standing time in between zaps.
Nutrition Highlights
Tuna (cooked, dry heat), 3 oz. (85g)
- Calories: 156
- Protein: 25g
- Carbohydrate: 0g
- Total Fat: 5g
- Fiber: 0g
*Excellent Source of: Niacin (8.96mg), Phosphorus (277.10mg), Selenium (39.78mcg), Vitamin A (2,142IU), Vitamin B6 (0.45mg), and Vitamin B12 (9.25mcg)
*Good Source of: Magnesium (54.40mg), Pantothenic Acid (1.16mg), Riboflavin (0.26mg), and Thiamin (0.24 mg)
Provides 0.2 grams of omega-3 fatty acids